A History Of Basketball

In early December, 1891 in the United States in Massachusetts, a springfield city ymca international training school for springfield after college), by this school physical education teachers James naismith invention dr, when basketball rules only article 13, dr naismith, died in 1939, at the age of 78. He has not expect, he created by the basketball program even in more than two hundred countries from the market, and so far the USA basketball also full global reputation. In order to commemorate naismith invented by dr basketball feat, college campus in springfield built the USA basketball celebrity hall-James naismith memorial.

At first, two naismith peach basket don't nail in key body stand of the railing, peach basket along the distance on the ground 3.04 meters, with the football game tools, to the basket of throwing. Pitching into the basket in, according to the scoring the decisive. Every time pitching the shot, to climb the ladder will remove the ball start game. Gradually will live to the bamboo after the iron basket, and then to the iron group hang nets.

By 1893, the formation of the approximate modern rebounds, the ring and the nets. The first basketball game, to get the number, size, the game time there were no strictly limited. The only participate in the competition of number must be equal. The race started, and players were standing in two DuanXian outside, the referee blows his whistle and will throw a ball to the middle, both parties ran to field the ball, to start. Holding the ball can run with the ball to the basket shooting, first to the expected the score for the win. In 1892, the article 13 for naismith competition rules, the main provisions of the ball is not allowed to run, not a rough action, must not use the ball, or that is sentenced to foul 3 consecutive fouls sentenced to negative 1 points; Time for the game in the second-half, regulations, the 15 minutes; The site also size have provisions. Play gradually reduced to each team number 10 person, nine people, 7, 1893 years as each team playing five people. 1904 years in the third Olympic sports meeting for the first time the basketball an exhibition.

In 1908 the United States make a unified national basketball rules, and have move languages publishing, issue all over the world, such, basketball sport is gradually spread throughout the americas, Europe and Asia, become a worldwide movement project. 11 th Olympic Games man basketball classified as official event, and unified world basketball competition rules and, after that, to 1948 in ten years, rules has repeatedly modification, and the relevant rules of the important change is: will the circle after scoring in the jumpball and lost in the backcourt DuanXian colluded to throw the ball to continue the game; Offensive team must be within 10 seconds to push the ball forward; The ball into the back of the front not back; Team members may not attack in "limits" stay within 3 seconds; Shot of the team are infringed, hit free throw 1, break free throws for 2 inferior.

In 1952 and 1956, 15, 16 two Olympic basketball game, appeared two meters of above many people, the international amateur basketball federation had two expand basketball court "limits" (also called "3 division"); Return a regulation, a team control ball, must be in 30 seconds shot release. In the early s about 10 seconds and the ball back to the provisions of the backcourt, once for 17 th Olympic Games in 1960 after the midfielder line to cancel the midpoint of the painting line and suspended.

1964 years after 18 th Olympic Games, and restore the midfield line, these provisions and continue execution. 1977 an increase of the full 10 times each team fouls after a foul in defense when two free throws, prevent foul shot two free throws once again have missed free throw one rules. 1981 years and 10 times foul after the provisions of free throws shrink to eight times. Obviously, the change of personnel of technology, the development of tactics by the rules change, and change the rules and promote the personnel and the technology and tactics in the further development of the change. Especially since the late s, the change rules of the game of basketball attacking speed for the athletes' physical, technical and tactical and will, style and so on various aspects are continuing to set new and higher requirements promote the basketball of the technical level of the increasing quickly, women's basketball is 1976 21 th Olympic Games only on the classified as official event.

Basketball is 1896 years by tianjin before and after the Chinese ymca was introduced into China, then in Beijing, Shanghai ymca in the event. In 1910 the national games held the man basketball after the exhibition games, major cities in the country's big, the school basketball activities gradually developed, among them with tianjin, Beijing, Shanghai develops is better, the higher level, when rules of the game is very simple, in the middle of a painting by about 1 m diameter circle, and the center got a hand when players must be placed behind the waist, any one foot shall not on the loop. Technology is also simple, circle after the jump, who missed the ball is dribbling, more than defender is shooting. When will only straight forward dribbling, passing method is single, hands chest pass, running shooting is low with one hand hand layup, set shots are both the near with both hands before the abdomen low hand shooting.

Around 1925 attack and defense five athletes, have a clear division of work, and the center of center, defender of striker, someone marking, their gaze at his opponent. But the striker is the responsibility of the just shooting attack, no matter withdraw; Defender is the responsibility of the only defense rob cut the ball, whatever shots. Striker and defender rarely a run, only center to both attempted. And gradually changes after two defender 1 person assists (activities guard), 1 people staying back (fixed guard), two striker also have become 1 person in charge forward sneak attack, rush, 1 person withdraw into the back of the help. Technical movement also some development, running in one hand, shooting ace shooting, set shooting appeared hands chest shooting, passing appeared one or both hands to strike passing, dribbling appeared alternate dribbling dodge defense and hands forward beyond defense technology. Rules of the penalty area and increase the line, players foul 4 times namely be disqualified, foul by captain specify any free throws a penalty players. Game time is divided into the upper, every 20 minutes in the second-half, the middle rest for 10 minutes. Every time he made or are in the laps in the jumpball and start again game. And Chinese basketball sports level in 1926 years have improved greatly.